Information Disclosure Intention Research Articles

Impact of Users’ Comprehension of the Privacy Policy of FemTech Apps on their Information Disclosure Intentions: The Mediating Effects of Privacy Fatigue and Privacy Data Control

FemTech stands for female technology, which encompasses a wide range of software, products, and services designed to improve women's health through technology. Personal data used in this type of app are intimate, which highlights the importance of privacy, and therefore, comprehensibility of the privacy policies of such apps. This study explores the effect of user comprehension of privacy policies on their information disclosure intention through mediators such as privacy fatigue and privacy data control, which have rarely been studied. A scenario-based questionnaire was used to collect data from 236 females and SMART PLS 4.0 was used to conduct the analysis. Findings indicate that both mediators have an indirect-only mediation effect; however, the direction of the impact of privacy fatigue on disclosure intention was opposite to what was hypothesised. Privacy data control was found to be the stronger mediator. This study entails implications for privacy policymakers and mobile health application providers.

Location-based service information disclosure on social networking sites: The effect of privacy calculus, subjective norms, trust, and cultural difference

Along with the development of social networking sites, sharing location is becoming mainstream, offering many opportunities and promoting sustainable business performance of firm. Based on a survey of 433 Facebook users and the application of quantitative method, the paper found that the privacy concern substantially influences the perceived risk of location sharing. In addition, tendency is witnessed on trust in the social networking site providers and members. Also, impression management and incentive provision are strongly involved in the perceived benefits of location information disclosure intention. Both perceived risks and perceived benefits illustrate distinctive effects on sharing users’ location. The impact of subjective norms on sharing information related to a users’ location and observing the potential influence of culture, played as moderator. The finding also confirms subjective norms positively impact location information disclosure intention, while the moderating of culture does not play a contribution role.

How do brand policy updates turn into transgressions and impact consumers’ continuance intentions?

The concept of the digital economy is being implemented more quickly nowadays. Digital services are one of the pillars of the digital economy. The consumers of those services and their information-sharing intentions play a crucial role since the sustainable consumer information flow fuels big data. From a marketing perspective, as a digital service brand, this study examines the roles of privacy concerns and brand transgression interaction effects on consumers' intentions to continue using instant messaging services. Because realistic privacy risks have been difficult to replicate using experimental techniques, this study focused on one of the most well-known digital service brands' most recent violations of a privacy policy update. Based on survey data from 422 related digital service consumers, the results show that brand transgression severity increases consumers' privacy concerns. Privacy concerns are a significant indirect antecedent to the continuation of digital services. Consumers' trust, belief, and perceived risk mediate the relationship between privacy concerns and information disclosure intention. And in digital services, information disclosure intention is an important factor that affects consumers' intentions to continue using this service.

Factors influencing users' online information disclosure intention and the moderating effect of cultural background and platform type

PurposeOnline platforms are providing diversified and personalized services with user information. Users should decide if they should give up parts of information for convenience, with their information being at the risk of being illegally collected, leaked, spread and misused. This study aims to explore the main factors influencing users' online information disclosure intention from the perspectives of privacy, technology acceptance and trust, and the authors extend previous research with two moderators.Design/methodology/approachBased on 48 independent empirical studies, this paper conducted a meta-analysis to synthesize existing results from collected individual studies. This meta-analysis explored the main factors influencing users' online information disclosure intention from the perspectives of privacy, technology acceptance and trust.FindingsThe meta-analysis results based on 48 independent studies revealed that perceived benefit, trust, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have significant positive effects, while perceived privacy risk and privacy concern have significant negative effects. Moreover, cultural background and platform type moderate the relationship between antecedents and online information disclosure intention.Originality/valueThis paper explored the moderating effects of an individual factor and a platform factor on users' online information disclosure intention. The moderating effect of cultural differences is examined with Hofstede's dimensions, and the moderating role of the purpose of online information disclosure is examined with platform type. This study extends online information disclosure literature with a multi-perspective meta-analysis and provides guidelines for practitioners.

Exploring users' willingness to disclose personal information in online healthcare communities: The role of satisfaction

To save time and reduce treatment costs, an increasing number of people are seeking medical services from online healthcare platforms. However, individuals face many threats when using online healthcare services, such as leaking private medical information. This study focuses on users' privacy concerns on how their satisfaction affects their willingness to disclose personal information. The study explores the relationships amongst the factors, the security control of the platform, perceived usefulness, information sensitivity, privacy concerns in platforms, patients' satisfaction, trust, and disclosure intention using a survey approach. The results indicate that concerns about online healthcare platforms negatively influence satisfaction. Patients' trust in the platform positively influences their willingness to disclose by improving their satisfaction. Satisfaction is key to improving patients' disclosure intention. The findings offer a better understanding of patients' information disclosure intention from the perspective of satisfaction and help online healthcare communities to strengthen the doctor–patient relationship.

The effects of different personal data categories on information privacy concern and disclosure

The potential threats of exposing personal data associated with online services have been a reason for concern, and individuals as customers may decline to disclose their data due to trust issues. Literature has shown evidence that greater transparency in the types and purposes of data requested encourages individuals to disclose personal data. This evidence indicates a need to examine the characteristics of personal information practices. Furthermore, current data privacy regulations recognize the presence of different data characteristics such as location-specific, health-specific, and financial-specific. Yet, current legislations are formed to identify personal data as a singular category regardless of the requirements, including the specification of processed personal data to be relevant and limited to what is necessary for enabling service functions. Without categorization, measuring “relevant” and “necessary” can be ambiguous. Several pieces of researches have explored the impact of personal information type and sensitivity level on privacy concern and disclosure; however, most of them lacked an in-depth examination of data categorization with systematic validation. Our study aims to fill this gap, and additionally further look into how contextual demographic factors influence the perception on information privacy concern and disclosure of different personal data categories from a Malaysian perspective. Our study provides new evidence of validated personal data categories and their significant differences in perceived information privacy concern and disclosure intention. Our research finding also discovers that Age, Gender, and Working Industry, as demographic factors, have significant effects on disclosure intention associated with Tracking, Finance, Authenticating, and Medical-health information.

Antecedents of Members’ Trust Propensity and Its Impact on Self-Disclosure Intention in Mobile-Based Online Dating Apps

To examine users’ intention to disclose detailed information on Mobile-Based Online Dating Apps (MBODAs), we adapted Privacy Calculus Theory (PCT) to develop our research model. We posited perceived members’ trust propensity as a central factor connecting its antecedents with users’ information self-disclosure intention. We examine a) the impact of users’ perceived benefit, perceived risk, electronic word of mouth (eWOM), and prior experience on members’ perceived trust propensity, and b) the impact of perceived members’ trust propensity toward users’ information self-disclosure intention. Analysis of MBODA users’ responses indicates that perceived benefit has a positive effect on perceived members’ trust propensity, while perceived risk has a negative effect. Members’ experience positively influences perceived members’ trust propensity; however, eWOM does not show any effect on perceived members’ trust propensity. Finally, perceived members’ trust propensity is positively associated with information disclosure intention. Implications along with limitations and future research directions are discussed.

THE FACTORS AFFECTING PERSONAL INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND USAGE CONTINUANCE INTENTION ON MOBILE SOCIAL NETWORKING SERVICES

Human life has been greatly changed by the explosive growth of the internet and social media. This paper explores the factors affecting the individual information disclosure and usage continuance intention on mobile social networking services. Therefore, this study is aimed to test hypothesesrelated to the proposed calculus theory rather than generate new hypotheses. Therefore, the present research study is deductive in nature and thus is consistent with the positivism paradigm. The present study intends to adopt a quantitative research strategy using a structured survey questionnaire. Questionnaires are prepared on a five-pointLikert scale and distributed to 180 individuals in the Klang Valley in Malaysia. Indeed, the opinions of the respondents are different from each other a non-probability sampling tool has been used. The results of the study were analyzed by Pearson correlation tests and indicate that several parameters are highly significant, including privacy concerns, perceived risk, information sensitivity, reliable beliefs, perceived usefulness, and relationships for disclosure. The information mentioned that the respondents notice in the disclosure of information and their intention to use it. Three factors, such as privacy concern, perceived risk, and information sensitivity, are associated negatively with significance towards the information discloser among the users of the mobile apps in social networks in Malaysia. The other three factors, such as trusting beliefs, perceived usefulness, and relationship building, are positively associated with information disclosure.

Privacy Concerns About Health Information Disclosure in Mobile Health: Questionnaire Study Investigating the Moderation Effect of Social Support.

BackgroundMobile health (mHealth) provides a new opportunity for disease prediction and patient health self-management. However, privacy problems in mHealth have drawn significant attention to patients’ online health information disclosure and to the possibility that privacy concerns may hinder mHealth development.ObjectivePrivacy calculus theory (PCT) has been widely used to understand personal information disclosure behaviors with the basic assumption of a rational and linear decision-making process. However, cognitive behavior processes are complex and mutual. In an attempt to gain a fuller understanding of information disclosure behavior, we further optimize a PCT-based information disclosure model by identifying the mutual relationship between costs (privacy concerns) and benefits. Social support, which has been proven to be a distinct and significant disclosure benefit of mHealth, was chosen as the representative benefit of information disclosure.MethodsWe examine a structural equation model that incorporates privacy concerns, health information disclosure intention in mHealth, and social support from mHealth, all at the individual level.ResultsA validated questionnaire was completed by 253 randomly selected participants. The result indicated that perceived health information sensitivity positively enhances patients’ privacy concern (beta path coefficient 0.505, P<.001), and higher privacy concern levels will decrease their health information disclosure intention (beta path coefficient –0.338, P<.001). Various individual characteristics influence perceived health information sensitivity in different ways. One dimension of social support, informational support, negatively moderates the effect of the relationship between perceived health information sensitivity and privacy concerns (beta path coefficient –0.171, P=.092) and the effect of the relationship between privacy concerns and health information disclosure intention (beta path coefficient –0.105, P=.092). However, another dimension, emotional support, has no direct moderation effect on the relationship between privacy concerns and health information disclosure intention.ConclusionsThe results indicate that social support can be regarded as a disutility reducer. That is, on the one hand, it reduces patients’ privacy concerns; on the other hand, it also reduces the negative impact of privacy concerns on information disclosure intention. Moreover, the moderation effect of social support is partially supported. Informational support, one dimension of social support, is significant (beta path coefficient –0.171, P=.092), while the other dimension, emotional support, is not significant (beta path coefficient –0.137, P=.146), in mHealth. Furthermore, the results are different among patients with different individual characteristics. This study also provides specific theoretical and practical implications to enhance the development of mHealth.

Research on Influencing Factors of Personal Information Disclosure Intention of Social Media in China

The disclosure of personal information by users is very important for social media, in order to balance privacy protection and personalized service. This article probes into the factors influencing users' disclosure intention. Based on the privacy calculus theory and theory of planned behavior, the study constructs an influencing factor model of social media personal information disclosure intention. Then an extensive survey of social media users is conducted through questionnaire, and the hypothetical model is verified using structural equation model, and finally the relationship between various influencing factors and personal information disclosure intentions is obtained. The results show that the perceived benefits and subjective norm are related to personal information disclosure intentions, and privacy view is associated with perceived risk. Finally, the study provides new ideas for social media services and user privacy protection, such as creating a secure social media environment, increasing valuable social services, reducing users' risk perception and making information processing open and transparent.

An empirical investigation of the utilitarian, social benefits in LBS information disclosure-The moderating effect of the gender based social role theory.

The prior studies on information disclosure in location-based services (LBS) suggested that the perceived benefits of information disclosure in LBS were manifested by three benefits, namely, locatability, personalization, and social benefits. The three benefits might affect information disclosure intention differently. As an extension, individual factors, such as gender, may affect the relationship. However, according to literature, little research has investigated on the combined influence of the three benefits on the information disclosure intention in LBS with the gender as a moderator. Based upon the self-determination and social role theories, this study intends to bridge the gap empirically. The hypotheses are largely supported by 215 respondents. Unexpectedly, the research findings show that for females, locatability and personalization are more important in predicting their information disclosure intention, whereas for males, the social benefit has more of an impact on information disclosure intention, which is opposite to the hypotheses and convention. Furthermore, the research findings indicate that the behaviors of males and females may conform to the roles distributed within a society of this information age rather than to the personalities of the individuals. Finally, the implications are presented.

The effect of the privacy policy of Health Information Exchange (HIE) on patients’ information disclosure intention

Health Information Exchanges (HIEs) enable personal information sharing between providers. Patients’ information disclosure intention is critical for a successful rollout of HIE networks. Existing studies mostly demonstrate that perceived privacy policy only influences the cognitive beliefs of patients about disclosing health information. However, little is know whether it also affects the emotion provoked by the sharing nature of the technology. Based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), the technology adoption literature, and the trust literature, we theoretically explain and empirically test the impacts of perceived transparency of privacy policy on cognitive trust and emotional trust in an HIE, and the effects of trust dimensions on the intention to disclose health information. An online survey was conducted using data from individuals who were aware of HIE through experiences with a (or multiple) providers participating in an HIE network. The SEM analysis results provide empirical support for the proposed model. The model highlights the critical role of perceived transparency of privacy policy in building trust in HIE. Findings suggest that awareness about HIE security measures and sharing procedures encourages patients to be cognitively and emotionally involved with the HIE system. Consequently, when the trust is formed, they become more likely to disclose health information.

The effects of voluntary GDPR adoption and the readability of privacy statements on customers’ information disclosure intention and trust

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of companies’ voluntary adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) as well as the readability of privacy statements on US customers’ intention to disclose information and their trust in a company. Design/methodology/approach Building on the construal level theory and psychological distance, the authors conduct a 2 × 2 + 2 between-participants experiment with 255 participants. Findings The findings show that a company’s voluntary adoption of the GDPR has positive effects on customers’ intention to disclose information to and their trust in that company. In addition, the effects of GDPR adoption are stronger when the adopting company’s privacy statements possess a higher level of readability. Originality/value The authors believe this study poses policy implications for the outcomes of GDPR adoption and the recent debate on both a stricter data breach and privacy regulation.

A meta-analysis to explore privacy cognition and information disclosure of internet users

Based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), this study identifies the differences between perceived privacy risks and privacy concern. Furthermore, the study analyses how perceived privacy risks and privacy concerns affect the disclosure intention and the actual information disclosure behavior of Internet users. In addition, the study discusses the moderating effects of platform types, from the perspective of privacy elaboration likelihood. By applying meta-analyses and SEM on 104 independent studies with 42,256 samples from existing empirical studies, we attempt to systematically reveal the relationship between privacy cognition and information disclosure. The results show that perceived privacy risks can significantly reduce personal information disclosure intention, as well as actual information disclosure behavior. However, privacy concerns only affect disclosure intention, but do not have a significant effect on actual information disclosure behavior. The study also verified that platform types have moderating effects on the privacy decision making of Internet users. The findings yield important and useful implications, both for research and for practice.

Motivators behind information disclosure: Evidence from Airbnb hosts

Extensive studies have researched on the determinants of user information disclosure. This study extends current research by switching into peer-to-peer property rental platforms and highlights the information disclosure behavior of hosts (sellers). We construct a conceptual framework and collect a unique longitudinal dataset from Airbnb to examine the determinants of hosts' decisions to disclose information. The empirical results suggest that getting more reviews, higher ratings, and receiving more informative or readable reviews motivate hosts to disclose more information, especially for low permission relevant information. Moreover, property quantity negatively moderates the relationship between the reviews hosts received and their information disclosure intention. This study concludes by presenting theoretical and managerial implications for both research and practice.

Health information privacy concerns, antecedents, and information disclosure intention in online health communities

This study explores the antecedents and consequences of health information privacy concerns in online health communities by integrating the dual calculus and protection motivation theories. On the basis of survey data from 337 users, health information privacy concerns, together with informational and emotional support, significantly influence personal health information (PHI) disclosure intention. Privacy concerns are negatively influenced by two coping appraisals (i.e., response efficacy and self-efficacy) and positively affected by two threat appraisals (i.e., perceived vulnerability and perceived severity). The perceived health status differentially moderates the effects of privacy concerns and informational support on the PHI disclosure intention.

Determinants of information disclosure intention in mobile commerce: an extended privacy calculus model

This paper empirically examines a factor model for understanding information disclosure behaviour in the context of mobile commerce (M-commerce). The research model was derived from the privacy calculus model and tailored to fit the context at hand. Four factors were incorporated, namely: privacy awareness (PA), utilitarian benefit (UB), hedonic benefit (HB), and social norms (SN). The PA was theorised to predict privacy risks (PR), both the UB and HB theorised to determine the perceived benefits (PB), and the SN to affect the intention to disclose information (IDI). The analysis utilised survey data gathered from 435 participants by means of an online questionnaire. Results herein indicated that the model exhibited adequate predictive ability and a considerable goodness of fit with empirical data. More importantly, the new variables were successfully integrated within the privacy calculus model. Furthermore, the addition of the SN seems to eliminate the negative effect of the privacy concerns (PC) on IDI.

Determinants of information disclosure intention in mobile commerce: an extended privacy calculus model

This paper empirically examines a factor model for understanding information disclosure behaviour in the context of mobile commerce (M-commerce). The research model was derived from the privacy calculus model and tailored to fit the context at hand. Four factors were incorporated, namely: privacy awareness (PA), utilitarian benefit (UB), hedonic benefit (HB), and social norms (SN). The PA was theorised to predict privacy risks (PR), both the UB and HB theorised to determine the perceived benefits (PB), and the SN to affect the intention to disclose information (IDI). The analysis utilised survey data gathered from 435 participants by means of an online questionnaire. Results herein indicated that the model exhibited adequate predictive ability and a considerable goodness of fit with empirical data. More importantly, the new variables were successfully integrated within the privacy calculus model. Furthermore, the addition of the SN seems to eliminate the negative effect of the privacy concerns (PC) on IDI.

Model for individual information privacy disclosure in social commerce environment

The buying and selling of goods and services are no longer limited to a general website or a physical store as social networks, such as Facebook or Pinterest, are heavily focusing on social commerce. Prior studies have analysed impact of trust and culture on social commerce, design and interface aspects of it, and intention to use social commerce by general people. Based on a review of literature on information disclosure intention, and Communication Privacy Management theory, this study develops a model. This study is motivated by the fundamental premise that intention to self-disclose in social commerce is affected by disposition to privacy, online privacy concern and privacy apathy. I analysed data collected from 170 samples using the SmartPLS and AMOS. An empirical test reveals that shoppers' information disclosure intention is driven by disposition to privacy, the fairness of information exchange and privacy apathy.

Identifying Key Factors Affecting Information Disclosure Intention in Online Shopping

s This study aims to provide a better picture of factors affecting personal information disclosure in online shopping. Online survey data from 212 online consumers of five largest Chinese online companies are used to test the proposed model. We conduct structural equation modeling with partial least squares to analyze the measurement and structural models. Our findings show that social influence and perceived effectiveness have significant and positive impacts on personal information disclosure. Information privacy concern has a significant and negative impact on personal information disclosure. However, no significant relationship is found between self-efficacy and personal information disclosure. We also find great differences in consumers' behaviors when classifying consumers according to the type of online companies. Our research extends the Theory of Reasoned Action, Protection Motivation Theory, and prior research to discuss four antecedents of personal information disclosure intention. This study is an explorative one that better explains consumers' decision-making behaviors in online shopping.